Despite technical limits, data from recent studies mostly converge to indicate that neurogenesis is vestigial, or possibly absent, in regions of the adult human brain where in rodents neuronal addition continues into adult life. Some reports appeared in the last few years, starting to shed more light on this issue. Several difficulties concerning scarce availability of fresh tissues, technical limits and ethical concerns did contribute in delaying and diverting the achievement of the picture of neurogenic plasticity in large-brained mammals. Yet, occurrence, location, and rate of AN vary among mammals: the capability for constitutive neuronal production is substantially reduced when comparing small-brained, short living (laboratory rodents) and large-brained, long-living species (humans, dolphins). In the last decades, adult neurogenesis (AN) has been intensively studied since it is viewed as a tool for fostering brain plasticity, possibly repair. Pre-clinical research is carried out on animal models, mostly laboratory rodents, with the ultimate aim of translating the acquired knowledge to humans. 3Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.2Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.1NICO – Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi, Turin, Italy.Roberta Parolisi 1, Bruno Cozzi 2 and Luca Bonfanti 1,3*
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